Internalisasi American Dream oleh Imigran Asia: Kajian Strukturalisme Genetik Novel Masalah Orang Kaya Karya Kevin Kwan

Galant Nanta Adhitya, Apriliana Hapsari, Husnun Novianti Deis, Theresia Elvain Simanjuntak, Armanda Michael Taralandu

Abstract


Orang Asia Timur, Selatan, dan Tenggara sering diperlakukan rendah diAS.Terjadinya pandemi COVID-19 telah membawa masalah rasial tersebut ke permukaan. Dengan demikian, karya sastra tentang minoritas inferior perlu ditulis oleh penulis yang juga tergolong dalam kelompok minoritas. Karena tidak diciptakan dalam ruang hampa, faktor eksternal memiliki andil dalam penciptaan karya sastra. Novel Masalah Orang Kayakarya Kwan adalah penutup trilogiKaya Tujuh Turunan. Sebagai seorang penulis kelahiran Singapura yang berimigrasi keAS, ia pun tak elak terekspos oleh mitos American Dream.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bagaimana ia menginternalisasi American Dream dalam karyanya. Menggunakan teori Strukturalisme Genetik yang dicetuskan Goldmann, penelitian ini memadukan pendekatan strukturalisme dengan lensa Marxis. Kelas sosial Kwanberguna dalam menentukan pandangan dunianya yang diwujudkan dalam struktur novel tersebut. Sementara novel merupakan sumber data primer, biografi Kwan yang dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber yang relevan menjadi data sekunder. Pendapatnya tentangAmerican Dream mengkristal dalam bentuk penokohan dan pengaluran. Dia menambahkan karakter dengan latar belakang sederhana untuk kemudian diberikan mobilitas sosial. Peningkatan tersebut dijustrifikasi dengan tekad, ketekunan, kerja keras, kesetiaan danpencitraan, mengubah taraf hidup mereka yang rendah menjadi pengusaha kaya, ahli, karyawan, dan pasangan dari orang kaya.

Keywords


pandangan dunia; penokohan; pengaluran; mobilitas sosial

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