FACTORS RELATED TO SYMPTOMS SICK BUILDING SYNDROME IN EMPLOYEES AT OK UNIT OF MARINE HOSPITAL CILANDAK SOUTH JAKARTA

Evi Nopiyanti, Agus Joko Susanto, Tata Sutabri, Ari Muhamad Ridwan, Reni Febrianti

Abstract


Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a set of health problems associated with air quality in a building or room where complaints are not specific to residents in the building. Some symptoms are experienced, such as mucous membrane symptoms, general symptoms, and skin symptoms. Many factors can cause symptoms of SBS, such as individual employee characteristics and physical factors of the room. Conditions in Unit OK of Cilandak Marine Hospital, the office uses Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), the floor uses carpet, the outer wall is tightly closed (air tight), and the results of measurements of airborne bacterial colonies range from 946 - 1304 CFU / m3, (exceeding TLV). Complaints experienced by employees are eye irritation, dry skin, headaches, coughing, and runny nose. The purpose of this study was to find out what factors are associated with sick building syndrome symptoms in employees in the OK unit of Marine Cilandak, South Jakarta. Retrieving data by conducting interviews and observations (on gender, age, smoking habits, working period, working hours, nutritional status); take measurements (on temperature, humidity, number of bacteria); and conducting documentation studies. The method of taking air samples using the active method, namely impingement sampling. Then the sample is cultured with spread plate method. Then the data were analyzed using laboratory tests and statistical tests (cross sectional). The nine variables, which correlated statistically significantly was the period of work (p value = 0.019; OR 3.636) and room temperature (p value = 0.013; OR 4.386). Factors related to SBS are work period and room temperature.

Keywords: Sick Building Syndrome, symptoms, airborne bacterial colonies, CFU/m3


Full Text:

PDF

References


ASHRAE, 2004. ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. ANSI/ASHRAE. Georgia.

Aston, Adam, 2007, How to Heal A Sick Office; from Replacing Synthetic Materials to Letting the Sun Shine In, Cleaning Up A Toxic Workplace is Easier Than You Think. New York: Business Work

Asrul, 2009, Perbandingan keluhan Sick Building Syndrome Antara Karyawan yang Bekerja di Ruangan Ber-AC Sentral dengan Ruangan Ber-AC Lokal. Surabaya: Skripsi Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Airlangga.

Aditama, Tjandra Yoga, 1992, Sindrom Gedung Sakit. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran No. 74.

Apte, M.G., Fisk, J.W., dan Daisey, J.M., 2000, Associations Between Indoor oncentrations and Sick Building Syndrome Symptoms in U.S. Office Buildings: An Analysis of the 1994-1996 BASE Study Data. Indoor Air No. 10: 246–257.

Amriani, 2009, Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Sick Building Syndrome Di PT.Telkom Devisi Region VII Makassar

Burge S, Hedge A, Wilson S, Bass JH, RobertsonA, 1987, Sick Building Syndrome a study of 4373 office workers, Ann OccupHygon 0.31, pp 493-504

Chandra, Budiman, 2007, Pengantar Kesehatan Lingkungan, Jakarta, Buku Kedokteran.

Depkes, RI, 2002. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 1405/MENKES/SK/XI/2002 Tentang Persyaratan Kesehatan Lingkungan Kerja Perkantoran dan Industri. Jakarta

US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 1998, Indoor Air Facts No.4 (Revised): Sick Building Syndrome (SBS), Washington, D. C: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/sbs.html

Spengler, John, D., 2001, Indoor Air Quality Handbook. United States of America, Mc graw; Hill companies

Eriksson, N.M. dan B.G.T. Stenberg, 2006, BIindoor Environment. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health No. 34: 387–396.

Gomzi, M. dan J. Bobic, 2009, Sick Building Syndrome Do We Live and Work in Unhealthy Environment? Periodicum Biologorum Vol. 111 No 1: 79–84.

Heimlich J.E., 2009 Environmental Health Center. Sick building syndrome. Cited 2001 Jan 26; Available from URL: http://www.nsc.org/ehc/indoor/sbs.htm.

Hartoyo, S., 2009, Faktor Lingkungan yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) di Pusat Laboratorium Forensik dan Uji Balistik Mabes Polri. Thesis. Semarang: Uninversitas Diponegoro.

Joshi, Sumedha M. 2008. The Sick Building Syndrome. Indian J Occup Environ Med.

Liyastuti, E., 2010, Jumlah Koloni Mikroorganisme Udara Dalam Ruang dan Hubungannya Dengan Kejadian Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) Pada Pekerja Balai Besar Teknologi

Kekuatan Struktur (B2TKS) BPPT di Kawasan Puspitek Serpong. (Tesis). Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta. Diakses dari http://lib.ui.ac.id/file

Laila, Nur Najmi, 2011, Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Keluhan Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) Pada Pegawai Di Gedung Rektorat UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Tahun 2011. FKIK UIN Jakarta. Tangerang.

Lunau, F and G.L. Reynolds, 1990, Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation. Selper Ltd. London

Meinzies D, Bourbeau J, 1997, Building Related Illnesses, N Eng J Med :337:1524-31.

National Institute For Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). NIOSH, 2001, Indoor Air Quality and Work Environment Symptoms, Survey. NIOSH

Ooi, P.L., K.T. Goh, M.H. Phoon, S.C. Food dan H.M. Yap, 1998, Epidemiology of Sick Building Syndrome and Its Associated Risk Factors in Singapore. Occup Environ Med 1998 No. 55:188–193.

Oktora, Bunga., 2008, Hubungan antara Kualitas Fisik Udara dalam Ruang (Suhu dan Kelembapan Relatif Udara) dengan Kejadian Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) pada Pegawai Kantor Pusat Perusahaan Jasa Konstruksi X di Jakarta Timur Tahun 2008. Skripsi. Jakarta:Universitas Indonesia.

Pudjiastuti, Lily, 1998, Kualitas Udara Dalam Ruang, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Jakarta.

Ruth, S., 2009, Gambaran Kejadian Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) dan Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan pada Karyawan PT Elnusa Tbk di Kantor Pusat Graha Elnusa Tahun 2009. Skripsi. Depok: Universitas Indonesia.

Rani, A. A., Jacobus, A., 2011, Buku Ajar Gastroenterologi, In: Ilmu Penyakit Dalam FKUI. 1st ed. Jakarta Pusat: Interna Publishing. 55-65.

Spengler, John, D. 2001. Indoor Air Quality Handbook. United States of America: Mc graw;Hill companies

Stenerg, B., ild, . ., Sandstr m , ., Sundell, ., dan Stig all, 1993, A Prevalence Study of the Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) and Facial Skin Symptoms in Office Workers. Indoor Air, Vol. 3, No. 2: 71–81.

Sundell, J., Levin, H., dan Novosel, D, 2006, Final Report NCEMBT 070914: Ventilation Rates and Health Report of An Interdisciplinary Review of Scientific Literature. National Energy Management and Building Technologies.

Setyaningsih, Y. Soebijanto, Soedirman, 2003, Hubungan Antara Kualitas Udara dalam Ruangan Berpendingin Sentral dan Sick Building Syndrome. Jurnal Sains Kesehatan. Hal 16;3; 373-388.

Suma'mur P.K., 1999, Higiene Perusahaan dan Kesehatan Kerja (Hiperkes), Jakarta:Sagung Seto.

Sari, Duniantri ,Wenang, 2009, Hubungan Parameter Fisik Kualitas Udara dalam Ruangan dengan gejala Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) pada Tiga Gedung di DKI Jakarta tahun 2009.

Skripsi. Depok: Universitas Indonesia.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 2002. Indoor Air Quality .

Utami ETC, 2005, Hubungan antara kualitas udara pada ruangan ber-AC sentral dan sick building syndrome di kantor Telkom Divre IV Jateng-DIY. Tesis DIY: UNNES.

U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 2009, Indoor air facts no.4 (revised): sick Building syndrome (SBS). [Online], [cited 2004 Jan 14]; Available from: URL: http://www.epa.gov/cgibin/epaprintonly.cgi.

Wawolumaya, Corie, 1996, Sick Building Syndrome. Jurnal Majalah Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia No.10, Jakarta.

Wichaksana, Aryawan., Astono, Sudi., Hanum, Kholidah, 2002, Dampak Keracunan Gas Karbon Monoksida Bagi Kesehatan Pekerja.http://www.cerminduniakedokteran.com/portalkalbe.htm. 15 November 2009.

WHO, 2009, WHO Guidelines For Indoor Air Quality : Selected Polutants. [E-Book]. Tersedia Di : Http : // Www.Who.Int/Indoorair/Publications/7989289 041683/En/

Winarti, dkk., 2003, Air Movement, Gender and Risk of Sick Building Syndrome Headhache Among Employees in a Jakarta Office. Med. J. Indones. Vol. 12, No.3, July-September


Abstract View: 998, PDF Download: 939

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Proceeding International Conference